Defense Acquisition Research Journal Issue 95

January 2021

Limitations of Research The investigators used secondary data collected by the U.S. Department of Defense. The sample size was not within the control of the investigators and represented a smaller than desired number of participants.

Conclusions The topic of trust in technology is increasingly important to the DoD as outlined in the Defense Science Board Study on Autonomy (David & Nielsen, 2016), which states, “There is a need to build trust in autonomous systems while also improving the trustworthiness of autonomous capabilities. These are enablers that align RDT&E [research, development, test & evaluation] processes to more rapidly deliver autonomous capabilities to DoD missions.” This work involves the introduction of novel ideas to existing theories that relate to the formation of trust. This research focuses on the impact of trust towards the adoption of autonomous systems. We have established that trust involves a user assuming some level of risk. The only literature available on technology trust involves situations that expose users to insig nificant levels of risk. We posit that our research conducted on technology used in high-risk military application will reveal causality not identified in previous trust research. This research tests theories of anthropomorphism and system hierarchy by manipulating the amount of information to observe the impact on the formation of initial, reason-based, technology trust. The article begins to answer the question of whether or not it is possible to predict and potentially capture trust in technology used for high-risk military applications. If a causal relationship exists between technology features and acceptance, it could greatly reduce the time and expense of adopting new technologies. The initial findings of this research indicate that manipulating familiarization with technology through the use of anthropomorphic categories, without the use of experience-based data or the ability to perform hands-on experimen tation, yields little difference and only minor benefits. This article warrants further research to identify the influence of experience-based trust on the formation of reason-based trust.

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Defense ARJ, January 2021, Vol. 28 No. 1 : 2-39